Addition
Missing-addend addition
Find an unknown first or second addend in horizontal equations with selectable blank symbols.
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Missing-digit addition
Restore hidden digits in vertical addition by using column totals, regrouping evidence, and the known sum.
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Study the visible digits and sum. Work one column at a time, include any carry, and fill each box with the digit that makes the equation true.
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What this activity builds
Reason backward through place-value columns to find digits that make an addition equation true.
Worked example
Complete 4□ + □7 = 75.
48 + 27 = 75
The ones column needs 8 + 7 = 15, carrying 1. The tens column is then 4 + 2 + 1 = 7. Both hidden digits are fixed by the visible columns.
Teaching notes
Make the practice count
- Verify the restored equation from beginning to end.
- Use each visible column and its incoming carry as a clue; check that every box fits the same completed equation.
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Related activities
Addition
Addition with selected regrouping columns
Practice vertical addition where regrouping occurs in teacher-selected place-value columns and nowhere else.
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